Introduction to Internet and WWW
- The Internet is a net consisting of complex network of computers connected by high speed communication technologies.
- The Internet has penetrated and benefited every field – be it education, sports, news, business, etc.
- A web page can be designed using HTML.
- The Internet has converted the world into a global village.
- The Internet has led to faster globalisation. A web page is an electronic document that we can see on the Internet.
- Web browser is software required to view web pages.
- Mosaic was the first web browser.
- www is stand for World Wide Web.
- Electronic mail can be sent and received through any e-mail account.
- Downloading is saving of files from the Internet to our computer.
- Attachments are the extra files that we can send with our email.
- E-commerce stands for electronic-commerce which means buying and selling over the Internet.
- M-commerce is an emerging field which stands for mobile commerce.
- Teleconferencing is having online conference with the facility of exchanging thoughts using an audio.
- Videoconferencing means having online conference with the facility of seeing and listening to other participants.
- Telecommunication is the use of electronic system to send and receive voice, data and video messages.
- Broadly there are five components of communication system, namely information/ message, device, application, protocol and network.
- Voice communication requires telephone instruments like telephone, mobile or VoIP phones for PSTN, wireless or data network.
- Data communication allows transfer of information and remote management of devices.
- Data communication is undertaken by directly connected computers, printers, etc. in a Local Area Network.
- Long distance data communication is done through point to point connections using PSTN or wireless networks.
- Broadcasting of audio and telecasting of video service such as radio and television is done through wireless links.
- Ethernet is the most popular LAN technology for data communication which provides communication speed up to 10Gbps.
- Internet Protocol (IP) connects the computer across similar or diverse networks.
- In IP, data packets are transmitted in packets containing unique IP addresses for the source and the destination.
- IP automatically routes the packet to its destination through any available path.
- Convergence of technologies is required to meet the next generation unified applications where all the three forms of data are required to be transmitted simultaneously.
- IP is internationally accepted protocol through which all different forms of data can be communicated.
- The approach to convergence is to make all components of communication systems IP enabled.
- While trying to achieve convergence, effort is on to use existing infrastructure with partial upgradation.
- Broadband and IPTV are two next generation technologies which use PSTN to provide unified services for voice, data and video.
- VoIP is a data communication technology which allows IP phones and computers to connect to telephones through PSTN and mobile networks.
- Unified messaging system is provided by web service providers which can be used to access multiple services like e-mail, chat, call and entertainment from a single computer system with Internet connection.
- Standardisation is very important for interoperability of various components in any system,
- There are organisations which develop standards, rules and specification for a product that the manufacturers have to meet.